Unit converters

Temperature converter

Convert temperature readings or changes between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin and Rankine, with clear formulas and all-scale comparisons.

Starts with an example: 0 °C to °F. Choose a reading or a rise/fall in temperature.

Readings include the different zero points of each scale.

From −273.15 °C (absolute zero) to 10⁹ °C.

Swap keeps the entered number. Use result below keeps the converted temperature.

Enter a value or choose Convert units.

Try familiar examples

Convert a reading or a temperature change

  1. Choose reading or change, then enter a value and its source scale.
  2. Select the target scale and convert.
  3. Review the reading and absolute temperature, then copy or download.

Offset formulas and examples

0 °C = 32 °F = 273.15 K = 491.67 °R. 100 °C = 212 °F, and −40 °C = −40 °F. Celsius and Fahrenheit have different zero points, so a temperature reading cannot be converted by a multiplier alone.

Conversion to kelvin (T) from a reading (x)
Source scaleKelvin formulaMinimum input
CelsiusT = x + 273.15−273.15 °C
FahrenheitT = (x + 459.67) × 5/9−459.67 °F
KelvinT = x0 K
RankineT = x × 5/90 °R

Target conversion reverses its scale’s formula. Direct Celsius/Fahrenheit formulas are °F = °C × 9/5 + 32 and °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. Definitions follow NIST’s temperature guide and temperature conversion factors.

Limits and privacy

Reading mode converts ordinary temperatures at or above absolute zero, with a maximum entered value of 10⁹ in the selected scale. Below-bound inputs are rejected rather than clipped. This is a scale conversion, not a thermometer calibration, heat-energy calculation or specialized negative-temperature model.

Display uses up to 12 significant digits and six decimal places or scientific notation for extremes. CSV retains the numeric floating-point calculation and can show small rounding effects. Values stay in browser memory without uploads or saved temperatures. Reset clears the result and restores 0 °C to °F. Live conversion waits 300 ms. Swap preserves the entered number; result reuse preserves the numeric result and reverses the scales. These actions, examples and Reset offer one Undo step. Typing discards action history. Temperature changes allow signed values from −10⁹ to 10⁹ and do not have an absolute-zero limit. Every-scale CSV includes all four supported scales and identifies reading or change mode.

Can I convert a temperature increase with these formulas?

Choose Temperature change to convert a rise or fall. A change of 1 °C equals a change of 1 K or 1.8 °F/°R; temperature differences do not use the zero-point offsets.

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